Delphos is a city in Ottawa County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 302. The community was nam…Delphos is a city in Ottawa County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 302. The community was named after Delphos, Ohio. Delphos was founded in 1867 by Levi and Dan Yockey. The two brothers moved to the area from Delphos, Ohio and named the new community for their hometown. Many settlers came to the area looking for a fresh start after the Civil War.