In addition to other methods we’ve discussed, a third type of variable spending model uses dynamic programming methods. These methods rely on complex computing power and mathematical equations to ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 108, No. 19 (May 10, 2011), pp. 7860-7865 (6 pages) The substitution rate in a gene can provide valuable ...

The practice of offering discounts to prospective customers represents a rudimentary form of using transaction history measures to customize the marketing mix. Furthermore, the proliferation of ...

The computational "inner loop" of this process is to calculate the average cost. That is, given a set of four packet sizes, compute the average number of packets needed for each order. A technique ...

Mathematical Background: We expect that the student is comfortable with basic mathematics at the level of a U.S. first-year college STEM student. This includes basic notions such as sets and functions ...