A Grim EndThe castle of Rouen, where Joan was held pending her execution, was built by the French king Philip II in the early 1200s. The keep, now called the Tower of Joan of Arc is the only ...

It's believed King Richard I used "Dieu et mon droit" as his battle cry in 1198 when defeating Philip II of France at the Battle of Gisors. Produced by Claudia Romeo More from Video On the front ...

Now France was in civil war it was preoccupied ... leading to the Dutch Revolt. King Philip II of Spain was determined to crush the rebellion. He sent an army under the Duke of Alva to defeat ...