The lithium niobate thin-film modulator was designed to achieve a modulation frequency of 350 kHz within the 0–2π phase range, further realizing high speed control of optical field coherence.

We tend to think of our five senses (vision, audition, smell, taste, and touch) as separate processes occurring independently within the brain and body. But, ever since the landmark studies on ...

Over the past couple of decades, more and more applications are going digital. Implementation of digital systems is very simple as it is entirely about logic; however, complexity increases ...