Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a basic concept that is employed in many areas of electronics. PWM is a simple averaging method that is used in everything from microwave power percentages to LED ...

Use the FPGA as a CPU which allows you to add predefined I/O blocks Build custom peripherals for an external CPU from predefined I/O blocks Build custom logic circuitry from scratch Projects that ...

What is duty cycle? Duty cycle is defined by the percentage of high voltage duration in a complete digital pulse. If the duty cycle is 50%, then it will remain on for exact half the duration of the ...

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a fundamental technique in power electronics that facilitates the efficient control of power delivery by modulating the width of voltage or current pulses. This method ...

Two things have been overlooked with phasing amplitude modulation. One is the importance of pulse modulation; the other is that logic gates can be used for analog signal processing. Both of these ...

Ever notice that the ESP32-S3 doesn’t have a digital-to-analog converter? [Chris] did and asserts that he doesn’t care because he can just use the PDM system to get the same result. PDM — pulse ...

If you enjoyed this article, I’d like to ask for your support. Scientific American has served as an advocate for science and industry for 180 years, and right now may be the most critical moment in ...