A method might accept a specific type and its subclasses, but you want to restrict usage to a select few implementations of your own design. Java's open inheritance model can feel like an open ...

A good working definition of safety-critical Java code is that it issoftware that must be certified according to DO-178B or equivalentguidelines.

Compare inheritance and composition, the two fundamental ways to relate Java classes, then practice debugging ClassCastExceptions in Java inheritance.