The multi-mode gas cluster ion source (GCIS) is designed to operate in both Ar n + cluster and Ar + monatomic modes making it suitable for sputter cleaning and depth profiling organic, inorganic and ...

The Royal Society is a self-governing Fellowship of many of the world's most distinguished scientists drawn from all areas of science, engineering and medicine, and is the oldest scientific academy in ...

Precisely quantifying metal oxide samples’ chemical compositions with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) may be adversely impacted by adventitious carbon contamination, which is often found on the ...