This is mainly due to the fact that the Java ThreadPool does not have a mechanism to detect a thread hang. We could try a Cached thread pool, but it also has problems.

Java historically has dealt with this problem partly through a powerful concurrency API and thread pooling. Now Java developers are abuzz about virtual threads, a feature introduced in Java 21. Java ...

The thread object we are going to pool is actually a wrapper around the thread object. Let’s call the wrapper the WorkerThread class, which extends the java.lang.Thread class.

To unlock the power of virtual threads in Java, developers must understand how they work versus traditional threads and how to avoid the problem of pinning.