South Africa plans a complex network of routes from the Indian Ocean northwest and north into Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Zambia, culminating, again, at southern outposts in the Congo.

Chinese PLA-linked vessels map the Indian Ocean for submarine warfare. Beijing’s growing research activities in international waters are designed to expand undersea military operations, analysts say ...

The map exposed continental connections across South America and Africa and showed evidence for seafloor spreading ridges at the Gulf of Mexico, active 150 million years ago now under layers of ...

Seychelles President Danny Faure, in his address to the world in a submersible 124 metres below sea, said “we have better maps of Planet Mars than we do of the Indian Ocean floor”.