A powerful volcanic eruption in Indonesia sent residents fleeing as Mount Semeru released a towering ash column and pyroclastic flow - a fast-moving, superheated cloud of dense volcanic gas, ash and ...

Why is Christian Science in our name? Our name is about honesty. The Monitor is owned by The First Church of Christ, Scientist, and we’ve always been transparent about that. The church publishes the ...

Pyroclastic flows are some of the most fearsome hazards posed by erupting volcanoes. These avalanches of superheated ash, gas, and rock are responsible for some of the most famous volcanic disasters ...

Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) represent some of the most formidable and complex volcanic phenomena, characterised by a turbulent mixture of solid particles and gases that surge down slopes at ...