🍁 Analytical Process Case Study 6 : Low Positive Results in Infectious Marker Testing🍁 🍁Low Positive results for Infectious Markers (e.g., HBsAg, Anti-HCV, Anti-HIV, Anti-HAV IgM, etc.) are a common issue in clinical laboratories. These results may arise from multiple causes, including technical issues and biological factors of the sample. 🍁Definition of “Low Positive” Results: 🔸The test value (e.g., S/CO ratio, Index, or OD ratio) is close to the cut-off, for example: " S/CO = 1.1–2.0 (whe

🌸 Analytical Process Case Study 3 : High RBC Count with Low MCV and MCH 🌸 🌸 If RBC count is high but MCV and MCH are low, it means the body is producing a large number of red blood cells, but each cell is small (microcytic) and contains less hemoglobin (hypochromic). 🌸When MCV and MCH are low but the RBC morphology is not very diverse, the low values are often partly due to the calculation formulas for MCV and MCH, rather than extreme variation in cell size. 🌸 Common Causes 1. Thalassemia T